English Hedging Expressions

A dictionary of epistemic hedging and stance markers used to express uncertainty, probability, and tentativeness in English text. Useful for text normalization and stance detection in NLP pipelines.

Format

A data frame with 247 rows and 3 variables.

Source

Hyland (2005); Prince et al. (1982)

Variables

• form. hedging expression as commonly found in text (lowercase)

• category. grammatical or semantic category of the hedging expression

• source. data source attribution